NAME OF THE ORGANISM: Agromyzidae 1AGROF
GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE PEST
Name as submitted in the project specification (if different):
Pest category:
Insecta
1- Identity of the pest/Level of taxonomic listing:
Is the organism clearly a single taxonomic entity and can it be adequately distinguished from other entities of the same rank?
Yes
Is the pest defined at the species level or lower?:
No
Can listing of the pest at a taxonomic level higher than species be supported by scientific reasons or can species be identified within the taxonomic rank which are the (main) pests of concern?
- No: Ornamental sector
If necessary, please list the species:
Is it justified that the pest is listed at a taxonomic rank below species level?
Not relevant
Conclusion:
- Not candidate: Ornamental sector
Justification (if necessary):
When replying to the RNQP Questionnaire for the Ornamental Sector, only two EU Member States (DE and FI) considered this entry as important. DE supported a listing at a higher level than the species level, since several species are considered to be important, to cause similar damage and have an unacceptable economic impact. FI suggested the listing of Liriomyza huidobrensis, Liriomyza trifolii, Chromatomyia horticola and Chromatomyia syngenesiae on Dendranthema x grandiflorum and Gerbera. Experts proposed a specific evaluation on L. huidobrensis and L. trifolii (see corresponding summary sheets).
2 – Status in the EU:
Is this pest already a quarantine pest for the whole EU?
No
Presence in the EU:
Yes
List of countries (EPPO Global Database):
Conclusion:
candidate
Justification (if necessary):
HOST PLANT N°1: Chrysanthemum x grandiflorum (Dendranthema x grandiflorum) (CHYHO) for the Ornamental sector.
Origin of the listing:
Commission Directive 93/49/EEC
Plants for planting:
Plants intended for planting
3 - Is the pest already listed in a PM4 standard on the concerned host plant?
No
Conclusion:
Evaluation continues
4 - Are the listed plants for planting the main* pathway for the "pest/host/intended use" combination? (*: significant compared to others):
Yes
Conclusion:
Justification:
This family are commonly referred to as leaf-miner flies and important pest genera are Agromyza, Melanagromyza, Ophiomyia, Liriomyza, Napomyza and Phytomyza. Two important species for ornamentals present in the EU are in the genera Liriomyza (Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii) and these have been analysed separately for all herbaceous ornamentals in this database. No other leaf miners were listed as of significance for ornamental plants under protection (EPPO, 1998). About 35 taxa of agromyzids that damage ornamental plants and market-garden crops [vegetables] in greenhouses in France have been listed, and it was stated that 6 were major pest species (Chromatomyia horticola, C. syngenesiae, Liriomyza dianthicola, L. trifolii, L. huidobrensis, and L. bryoniae) (Martinez, 2001). Chromatomyia horticola and C. syngenesiae occur on chrysanthemum and gerbera in Italy where they affect flower quality (Bene, 1990). L. bryoniae and L. strigata are also native to Europe, but only L. trifolii and L. huidobrensis appear to infest this host.
5 - Economic impact:
Are there documented reports of any economic impact on the host?
Yes
Justification:
Chromatomyia horticola (polyphagous and occurs on Asteraceae) and C. syngenesiae (chrysanthemum leafminer), occur on chrysanthemum and gerbera in Italy where they affect flower quality and use of parasitoids was investigated for control (Bene, 1990).
What is the likely economic impact of the pest irrespective of its infestation source in the absence of phytosanitary measures? (= official measures)
Is the economic impact due to the presence of the pest on the named host plant for planting, acceptable to the propagation and end user sectors concerned?
Is there unacceptable economic impact caused to other hosts (or the same host with a different intended use) produced at the same place of production due to the transfer of the pest from the named host plant for planting?
Conclusion:
Justification:
6 - Are there feasible and effective measures available to prevent the presence of the pest on the plants for planting at an incidence above a certain threshold (including zero) to avoid an unacceptable economic impact as regards the relevant host plants?
Conclusion:
Justification:
7- Is the quality of the data sufficient to recommend the pest to be listed as a RNQP?
Conclusion:
Justification:
CONCLUSION ON THE STATUS:
Disqualified: no justification for a listing at a higher level than the species level.
8 - Tolerance level:
Is there a need to change the Tolerance level:
No
Proposed Tolerance levels:
Delisting.
9 - Risk management measures:
Is there a need to change the Risk management measure:
No
Proposed Risk management measure:
Delisting.
REFERENCES:
- Bene G (1990) Use of Diglyphus isaea (Wlk.) (Hym. Eulophidae) for the control of Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), Chromatomyia horticola (Goureau) and Chromatomyia syngenesiae Hardy (Dipt. Agromyzidae) in greenhouses of chrysanthemum and gerbera. Redia 73, 63-78;
- EPPO (1998) PP 2/13 (1) Good plant protection practice. Ornamental Plants under Protected Cultivation. OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 28, 363–386;
- Martinez M (2001) Agromyzid mining flies injurious to ornamental and market- garden crops under glass. PHM Revue Horticole 430, 9-13;
HOST PLANT N°2: Dianthus caryophyllus (DINCA) for the Ornamental sector.
Origin of the listing:
Commission Directive 93/49/EEC
Plants for planting:
Plants intended for planting
3 - Is the pest already listed in a PM4 standard on the concerned host plant?
No
Conclusion:
Evaluation continues
4 - Are the listed plants for planting the main* pathway for the "pest/host/intended use" combination? (*: significant compared to others):
Yes
Conclusion:
Justification:
This family are commonly referred to as leaf-miner flies and important pest genera are Agromyza, Melanagromyza, Ophiomyia, Liriomyza, Napomyza and Phytomyza. Two important species for ornamentals present in the EU are in the genera Liriomyza (Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii) and these have been analysed separately in this database. No other leaf miners were listed as of significance for ornamental plants under protection (EPPO 1998). About 35 taxa of agromyzids that damage ornamental plants and market-garden crops [vegetables] in greenhouses in France have been listed, and it was stated that 6 were major pest species (Chromatomyia horticola, C. syngenesiae, Liriomyza dianthicola, L. trifolii, L. huidobrensis, and L. bryoniae) (Martinez, 2001).
No further information could be found concerning the quoted species L. dianthicola.
L. bryoniae and L. strigata are also native to Europe, but only L. trifolii and L. huidobrensis appear to infest Dianthus caryophyll.
No further information could be found concerning the quoted species L. dianthicola.
L. bryoniae and L. strigata are also native to Europe, but only L. trifolii and L. huidobrensis appear to infest Dianthus caryophyll.
5 - Economic impact:
Are there documented reports of any economic impact on the host?
No
Justification:
No evidence of significant economic effects, apart from those of Liriomyza huidobrensis and Liriomyza trifolii analysed separately.
What is the likely economic impact of the pest irrespective of its infestation source in the absence of phytosanitary measures? (= official measures)
Is the economic impact due to the presence of the pest on the named host plant for planting, acceptable to the propagation and end user sectors concerned?
Is there unacceptable economic impact caused to other hosts (or the same host with a different intended use) produced at the same place of production due to the transfer of the pest from the named host plant for planting?
Conclusion:
Justification:
6 - Are there feasible and effective measures available to prevent the presence of the pest on the plants for planting at an incidence above a certain threshold (including zero) to avoid an unacceptable economic impact as regards the relevant host plants?
Conclusion:
Justification:
7- Is the quality of the data sufficient to recommend the pest to be listed as a RNQP?
Conclusion:
Justification:
CONCLUSION ON THE STATUS:
Disqualified: no justification for a listing at a higher level than the species level.
8 - Tolerance level:
Is there a need to change the Tolerance level:
No
Proposed Tolerance levels:
Delisting.
9 - Risk management measures:
Is there a need to change the Risk management measure:
No
Proposed Risk management measure:
Delisting.
REFERENCES:
- EPPO (1998) PP 2/13 (1) Good plant protection practice. Ornamental Plants under Protected Cultivation. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 28, 363–386;
- Martinez M (2001) Agromyzid mining flies injurious to ornamental and market- garden crops under glass. PHM Revue Horticole 430, 9-13;