Regulated non-quarantine pest Project

An EU funded project for the benefit of the whole EPPO region

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NAME OF THE ORGANISM: Ditylenchus dipsaci (DITYDI)


GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE PEST

Name as submitted in the project specification (if different to the preferred name):
 

Pest category:
 
Nematoda


1- Identity of the pest/Level of taxonomic listing:

Is the organism clearly a single taxonomic entity and can it be adequately distinguished from other entities of the same rank?
 
Yes

Is the pest defined at the species level or lower?:
 
Yes

Can listing of the pest at a taxonomic level higher than species be supported by scientific reasons or can species be identified within the taxonomic rank which are the (main) pests of concern?
 
  • Not relevant: Ornamental sector
Is it justified that the pest is listed at a taxonomic rank below species level?
 
Not relevant

Conclusion:
 
  • Candidate: Ornamental sector
Justification (if necessary):
 
Remark for ornamentals:
- Allium: There is a large number of Allium species (and within the species, varieties) that are used as ornamentals.
Therefore it is suggested to include all Allium for ornamental use in the present evaluation.
- Ismene (host plant for D. dipsaci as mentioned in Directive 2000/29/EC) is nowadays named Hymenocallis for cultivated ornamental species and varieties.

2 – Status in the EU:
 
Is this pest already a quarantine pest for the whole EU?
 
No

Presence in the EU:
 
Yes

List of countries (EPPO Global Database):
 
Austria (1993); Belgium (2007); Bulgaria (1993); Croatia (1996); Cyprus (1993); Czech Republic (1994); Denmark (1993); Estonia (1994); Finland (1993); France (2010); Germany (2014); Greece (1996); Hungary (2001); Ireland (1998); Italy (1992); Italy/Sicilia (2002); Latvia (2013); Lithuania (1998); Malta (1995); Netherlands (2015); Poland (2012); Portugal (1992); Portugal/Azores (1994); Romania (2011); Slovakia (2007); Slovenia (2003); Spain (2007); Sweden (1993); United Kingdom (1993); United Kingdom/England (1994); United Kingdom/Scotland (1994)

Conclusion:
 
candidate

Justification (if necessary):
 
Data of the presence of this pest on the EU territory are available in EPPO Global Database (https://gd.eppo.int/).

HOST PLANT N°1: Gladiolus (1GLAG) for the Ornamental sector.


Origin of the listing:
 
Commission Directive 93/49/EEC

Plants for planting:
 
Plants intended for planting


3 - Is the pest already listed in a PM4 standard on the concerned host plant?
 
No
 
Conclusion:
 
Evaluation continues

4 - Are the listed plants for planting the main* pathway for the "pest/host/intended use" combination? (*: significant compared to others):
 
No
 
Conclusion:
 
Not candidate

 
Justification:
 
Gladiolus spp. are not given as a host of D. dipsaci in CABI 2015, ISPM 27 (IPPC 2016) or the EPPO Global Database, though a literature search found there are 3 records: of occurrence in greenhouses in Serbia (Grujičić, 2015), in Iraq (Stephan, 1989) and interceptions by India on flower bulbs from Europe (Arjun Lal & Rajan, 2005). In view of possible confusion with D destructor and that these are the only records, it is concluded Gladiolus is not host of this pest.


CONCLUSION ON THE STATUS:
 
Disqualified: Gladiolus spp. are not considered to be a significant host and therefore Gladiolus plants are not considered to be a significant pathway.


8 - Tolerance level:

Is there a need to change the Tolerance level:
 
No

Proposed Tolerance levels:
 
Delisting.

9 - Risk management measures:

Is there a need to change the Risk management measure:
 
No

Proposed Risk management measure:
 
Delisting.


REFERENCES:
  • Arjun Lal & Rajan (2005) Nematodes intercepted in introduced germplasm of horticultural crops. Indian Journal of Plant Protection 33, 282-285;
  • CABI (Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International) (2015) Online. Datasheets Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem and bulb nematode). Invasive species compendium. CABI, Wallingford, UK. Available from http://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/19287;
  • IPPC (2016) Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests DP 8: Ditylenchus dipsaci and Ditylenchus destructor ISPM 27 ANNEX 8. Available at:
  • https://www.ippc.int/static/media/files/publication/en/2016/01/DP_08_2015_En__2015-12-22_Reformatted.pdf;
  • Grujičić G (2015) A contribution to the study of the stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci Kühn) with a view of host plants in Serbia. Zaštita Bilja 66, 53-65;
  • Stephan ZA (1989) New hosts for Ditylenchus dipsaci in Iraq. International Nematology Network Newsletter 6, 30;