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Justification for qualification based on EPPO PM 4 Standards
Justification for disqualification
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NAME OF THE ORGANISM: Badnavirus venaribis (gooseberry vein banding associated virus) (GOVB00)

GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE PEST

Name as submitted in the project specification (if different):

Gooseberry vein banding associated virus

Pest category:

Viruses and viroids

1- Identity of the pest/Level of taxonomic listing:

Is the organism clearly a single taxonomic entity and can it be adequately distinguished from other entities of the same rank?

Is the pest defined at the species level or lower?:

Yes

Can listing of the pest at a taxonomic level higher than species be supported by scientific reasons or can species be identified within the taxonomic rank which are the (main) pests of concern?

Null: Fruits (including hops) sector

If necessary, please list the species:

Is it justified that the pest is listed at a taxonomic rank below species level?

Conclusion:

Not evaluated: Fruits (including hops) sector

Justification (if necessary):

Note on taxonomy: Tresh (1966) describes symptoms caused by Gooseberry vein banding virus in black currant. A clearing and narrow yellow banding of the main vein is a symptom that appears later on leaves of sensitive black currant varieties. Entire leaves of the variety Mendip Cross are affected and show a vein-net pattern (Adams & Thresh, 1987). These symptoms are preceded by yellow banding along the main veins that is described by Adams and Posnette (1987). All the above described symptoms can thus be ascribed to gooseberry vein banding disease (GVBD), a disease closely associated with Gooseberry vein banding associated virus (Jones et al., 2001). This virus is listed by ICTV. The correct writing is Gooseberry vein banding associated virus (GVBaV). There may be other viruses associated with this disease possibly as a complex, but this is the first of these to be fully characterised. However, multiple papers highlight the presence of rhabdovirus-like and closterovirus-like particles in samples from plants with vein banding symptoms (Roberts and Jones, 1997; Jones et al 2001; Jones, 2002). No evidence could be found that there has been a biological demonstration of GVBaV causing the disease. Primer sets have been published (e.g. Jones et al 2001).
In the Netherlands grafting experiments were done with red currant vein banding and gooseberry vein banding (by F van der Meer IPO Wageningen). He found out that they are not identical.

2 – Status in the EU:

Is this pest already a quarantine pest for the whole EU?

Presence in the EU:

List of countries (EPPO Global Database):

Conclusion:

Justification (if necessary):

HOST PLANT N°1: Ribes (1RIBG) for the Fruits (including hops) sector.

Origin of the listing:

Commission Implementing Directive (EU) 2014/98/EU and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072

Plants for planting:

Plants intended for planting

3 - Is the pest already listed in a PM4 standard on the concerned host plant?

Yes

Conclusion:

Qualified

Justification (if necessary):

Listed in Standard PM 4-9 Certification scheme for Ribes.
Although PL considered in responses to the questionnaire that plants for planting was not the main pathway, this was not supported by enough justification.

4 - Are the listed plants for planting the main* pathway for the "pest/host/intended use" combination? (*: significant compared to others):

Conclusion:

Justification:

5 - Economic impact:

Are there documented reports of any economic impact on the host?

Justification:

What is the likely economic impact of the pest irrespective of its infestation source in the absence of phytosanitary measures? (= official measures)

Is the economic impact due to the presence of the pest on the named host plant for planting, acceptable to the propagation and end user sectors concerned?

Is there unacceptable economic impact caused to other hosts (or the same host with a different intended use) produced at the same place of production due to the transfer of the pest from the named host plant for planting?

Conclusion:

Justification:

6 - Are there feasible and effective measures available to prevent the presence of the pest on the plants for planting at an incidence above a certain threshold (including zero) to avoid an unacceptable economic impact as regards the relevant host plants?

Conclusion:

Justification:

7- Is the quality of the data sufficient to recommend the pest to be listed as a RNQP?

Conclusion:

Justification:

CONCLUSION ON THE STATUS:

Recommended for listing as an RNQP, based on EPPO PM4 Standards.

8 - Tolerance level:

Is there a need to change the Tolerance level:

Proposed Tolerance levels:

9 - Risk management measures:

Is there a need to change the Risk management measure:

Proposed Risk management measure:

REFERENCES:

Adams AN & Posnette AF (1987) Virus and Viruslike Diseases of Gooseberry Aphid-Borne Diseases. In: Virus Diseases of Small Fruit. Converse RH. p 129-130
Adams AN & Thresh JM (1987) Vein Clearing and Vein Net Disease of Black currant. In: Virus Diseases of Small Fruit. Converse RH. p 137 - 138
Converse RH (ed.) (1987) Virus diseases of small fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook no. 631 Specifically : Adams, A.N and Thresh J.M. Vein clearing and vein net disease of black currant p137
Jones AT, McGavin WG, Geering ADW & Lockhart (2001) A new badnavirus in Ribes species, its detection by PCR and is close association with gooseberry vein banding disease. Plant Disease 417-422.
Jones AT (2002) Important virus disease of Ribes, their diagnosis, detection and control. Acta Horticulturae 585, 279-285. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.585.45
Roberts IM & Jones AT (1997) Rhabdovirus‐like and closterovirus‐like particles in ultrathin sections of Ribes species with symptoms of blackcurrant reversion and gooseberry veinbanding diseases. Annals of applied biology, 130(1), 77-89.
Thresh JM (1966) Virus diseases of black currants. Report East Mailing Research Station for 1965, 158-163. http://www.isppweb.org/icpve/thresh/Virus%20diseases%20of%20black%20currants.pdf (accessed online 10-16 January 2017)
Thresh JM (1967) Virus diseases of Red Currant, East Malling Research Station Report for 1966. http://www.isppweb.org/icpve/thresh/Virus%20diseases%20of%20red%20currant.pdf (accessed online 10-16 January 2017)
Xu D, Mock R, Kinard G & Li R (2011) Molecular analysis of the complete genomic sequences of four isolates of Gooseberry vein banding associated virus .Virus Genes 43: 130. doi:10.1007/s11262-011-0614-8